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"Non-B DB is a database integrating annotations and analysis of non-B DNA- forming sequence motifs. The database provides alternative DNA structure predictions including Z-DNA motifs, quadruplex-forming motifs, inverted repeats, mirror repeats and direct repeats and their associated subsets of cruciforms, triplex and slipped structures, respectively. See also * B-DNA References External links * http://nonb.abcc.ncifcrf.gov. Biological databases DNA Biophysics Molecular structure Helices "
"The palm weevil Rhynchophorus vulneratus is one of two species of snout beetle known as the red palm weevil, Asian palm weevil, or Sago palm weevil. The adult beetles are relatively large, ranging between two and four centimeters long, and vary from a rusty red colour to almost entirely black; many colour variants exist and have led to considerable confusion with other species (e.g., Rhynchophorus ferrugineus). Weevil larvae of these species can excavate holes in the trunk of a palm trees up to a metre long, thereby weakening and eventually killing the host plant. As a result, these weevils are considered major pests in palm plantations, including the coconut palm, date palm and oil palm.Rhynchophorus ferrugineus at North American Plant Protection Organization (NAPPO) Originally from tropical Asia, this palm weevil has been recorded in the United States at Laguna Beach, CA late in 2010 Orange County Register, "Destructive exotic beetle found in Laguna Beach." CDFA; Red Palm Weevil, Worst Known Pest of Palm Trees Detected in Laguna Beach but it was initially misidentified as the closely related species, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, and it did not become established.Hoddle et al. (2017) The palm weevil Rhynchophorus vulneratus is eradicated from Laguna Beach. California Agriculture 71(1): 25-29 Distribution The native range of this species is considered to include Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, and Thailand; outside its native range it has been reported and confirmed only from the United States. Taxonomy Primarily due to the existence of numerous color forms across their ranges, the taxonomy and classification of red palm weevils has undergone a number of changes in understanding and circumscription. As such, the information in the literature should be viewed as a compilation of data which may apply to both species, depending primarily upon the biogeography. The most recent genus-level revision in 1966Wattanapongsiri, A. 1966. A revision of the genera Rhynchophorus and Dynamis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Department of Agriculture Science Bulletin 1: 1-328 recognized two species of red palm weevils, ferrugineus and vulneratus, and for decades these were interpreted as separate taxa. A genetic study in 2004Hallett, R.H., Crespi, B.J., Borden, J.H. 2004. Synonymy of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier), 1790 and R. vulneratus (Panzer), 1798 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Rhynchophorinae). J. Nat. Hist. 38:2863-2882 concluded that vulneratus was not distinct from ferrugineus, and treated them as synonyms, a view that was accepted until 2013, when yet another genetic studyRugman-Jones, P.F., C.D. Hoddle, M.S. Hoddle, R. Stouthamer. 2013. The Lesser of Two Weevils: Molecular-genetics of pest palm weevil populations confirm Rhynchophorus vulneratus (Panzer 1798) as a valid species distinct from R. ferrugineus (Olivier 1790), and reveal the global extent of both. PLoS One. 2013; 8(10): e78379. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078379 came to the opposite conclusion, based on more comprehensive geographic sampling. Accordingly, the "red palm weevil" species that appeared in the US was vulneratus rather than ferrugineus, though the latter is the invading species in all of the other global introductions. =Hosts= Red palm weevils are reported to attack 19 palm species worldwide; due to the taxonomic confusion, it is unclear whether R. vulneratus and R. ferrugineus favor different hosts, though nearly all of the invasive populations known are of ferrugineus, so one of the only confirmed hosts for vulneratus outside of Asia is the Canary Island date palm, Phoenix canariensis. Culinary uses A fried sago larvae dish in Sarawak, Malaysia. The larval grub is considered a delicacy in Southeast Asian countries, including Brunei, and Malaysian Borneo. Sago grubs have been described as creamy tasting when raw, and like bacon or meat when cooked. They are often prepared with sago flour. The larvae are also eaten either raw or roasted in Malaysian Bornean states of Sabah and Sarawak, and regarded as a special high-nutrient meal among the natives there like the Kadazan-Dusun, Melanau and the Dayak. In Sabah the dish is called butod. References Additional resources Dryophthorinae Beetles of Asia Agricultural pest insects Beetles described in 1798 "
"The Nightmare on 13th is a haunted attraction in Salt Lake City, Utah. Located on 300 West and 1300 South, it is in a warehouse, which was a former car dealership. Nightmare on 13th is one of the largest and longest running haunted attractions in the United States. As of 2019 they have been in business for 29 years, and over 60,000 people attend Nightmare on 13th each season. History Troy Barber and Mike Henrie first opened this haunted attraction in 1990. The original name was “The Institute of Terror", which was started by Klane Anderson in 1984 and then sold to Troy and Mike as Klane was moving to Atlanta to help start a nuclear robotics division of Westinghouse. Early adoption of robotics and high tech special effects by Klane Anderson were a big attraction of "The Institute of Terror." After the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001 the company changed the name to “Nightmare on 13th.” Nightmare on 13th is a seasonal haunted house open in September and October, but its creators work on it all year long to keep it fresh every year. Nightmare on 13th is the only haunted attraction that has a fully animated theater show that you watch while you wait in line before going into the actual haunted house. After you enter the haunted house there are over 45 different rooms you travel through which take approximately 45 minutes. The business environment for haunts in Utah is one of the most active in the United States. Nightmare on 13th is regularly part of the top tier of houses in Utah. This haunted house was featured on the Travel Channel in 2009 and 2010 and was on the cover of Haunted Attraction Magazine in 2009. As of 2018, approximately 120 people staff the haunt on any given evening. Awards Nightmare on 13th has been voted one of America's scariest attractions by the Travel Channel. References * Nightmare On 13th Haunted House * Connect 2 Utah * America Haunts * Haunted attractions Haunted attractions (simulated) Culture of Salt Lake City Recurring events established in 1990 1990 establishments in Utah "