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"Carl Stephenson may refer to: *Carl Stephenson (historian) (1886-1954), American medieval historian *Carl Stephenson (author) (1893–after 1960), German author of Leiningen Versus the Ants *Carl Stephenson (producer), founder of musical group Forest for the Trees See also *Karl Stephenson (disambiguation) "
"The Mainstreet Theater, also commonly referred to as The Empire Theater, is a historic theater at 1400 Main Street in downtown Kansas City, Missouri. The theater was landmarked and placed on the National Register of Historic Places in February 2007. Early history The basement lounge in 2005. Designed by Rapp & Rapp, the theater opened on October 30, 1921 as the Mainstreet Missouri. The 3,200-seat theater was a popular vaudeville and movie house, and the only theater in Kansas City designed by Chicago firm Rapp and Rapp. The interior was designed in French Baroque style, and the exterior is a blend of neoclassical and French Second Empire. The lobby is topped by a dome encircled by circular windows. The Mainstreet Theater was the largest theater in Kansas City until the Midland Theatre opened in 1927. The Mainstreet was the first theater in Kansas City to have a nursery for children whose parents were attending a show. Located in the basement and staffed by a trained nurse, it offered toys and games for older children and cribs for babies. A tunnel connected the theater's lower level to the nearby President Hotel at 14th and Baltimore. Built to allow actors to enter the theater from their dressing rooms, it became infamous as a passage for bootleggers to escape police during Prohibition. The supposed tunnel is not shown on the Sanborn fire insurance map for 1939 (The Sanborn Map Co., New York, Kansas City 1939-1940 vol. 1, 1939, Sheet 34). The theater also had space in the basement and sub-basement to keep animals for vaudeville shows. The space included an elephant cage, a pool for seals, and an elevator large and powerful enough to haul elephants to the stage. Noted performers such as Cab Calloway, Charlie Chaplin, Harry Lauder, the Marx Brothers, and Olsen and Johnson headlined at the vaudeville house. In the early 1920s, at the height of the theater's popularity, attendance averaged over 4,000 daily. The Mainstreet Theater's name changed to the RKO Missouri Theater in April 1941. The RKO Missouri ran Cinerama three strip film. The AMC Era AMC Theatres, then known as Durwood Theatres, bought the theater in the late 1950s and reopened it in December 1960 as the Empire. The first film shown at the theater under the new name was Exodus. The new Empire's seating configuration was reduced to 1260 to accommodate modern amenities and technology. Durwood replaced the Empire's three strip Cinerama with the seamless 70 mm film version. The 70 by Walker Hi Gain motion picture screen was designed to collapse, fold, and store on stage within two and a half hours to allow for quick conversion for live stage events. The stage curtain measured more than and claimed to be the world's largest. In keeping with Kansas City's reputation as the "City of Fountains", the Empire included decorative fountains in the box office area and at the main staircase. The prominent signage suspended from scaffolding attached to the building's roof during the "Mainstreet" and "RKO Missouri" eras was removed when Durwood converted the theater to the Empire. The Empire kept an organist until 1961 when there was a dispute with the musicians' union. In 1967, the theater was split in two when a second theater was constructed in the former balcony of the original theater. In 1980 AMC converted the Empire into four theaters and it was known as Empire 4 Theaters. Two of the additional theaters were in the upper level where the original balcony once existed. The Empire stopped screening films and closed in 1985. In 1972, as a protest against what it called "cultural prejudices", the Italian American Unification Council in Kansas City spent $2,500 to purchase all the seats of the premier showing of Francis Ford Coppola’s film The Godfather at the Empire. While the film played to an empty house, the Council sponsored a benefit dance down the street."Blackhand Strawman."" ." An Uncertain Future Construction workers involved in the early stages of Power & Light District construction seek shade under the marquee of the abandoned Empire Theater on a hot summer day in 2005. A glimpse of the trees growing from the roof can be seen to the right of the dome. Prominent downtown landowner Larry Bridges purchased the Empire Theater in 1986 from Stan Durwood, then CEO of AMC Theatres. Between 1985 and 2005, the Empire was often at risk for demolition. Numerous efforts took place to prevent each demolition attempt. In 1986, actor and comedian George Burns joined the effort and wrote a letter to have the theater declared a historic landmark. Since the theater was not listed as a local landmark or listed on the National Register of Historic Places, there was not much legal protection to prevent the deteriorating structure's demolition. Owner Larry Bridges expressed desire to raze the Empire several times and even obtained a pre- demolition inspection permit from the city in August 2003. Bridges planned to team with DST Realty to build a new headquarters for Kansas City Power & Light on the site. The City of Kansas City blocked the plan, which had called for saving the facade but demolishing the core structure of the Empire. In 2004, the Kansas City Chapter of the American Institute of Architects compiled a list of 25 buildings in the central business district believed to be significant downtown landmarks "worthy of attention and reuse". The Empire Theater was listed as the most endangered building at the time: The building had fallen into such disrepair that bricks fell from the building and trees sprouted from the roof. Redevelopment The City of Kansas City reached an agreement to purchase the theater from Larry Bridges in late 2004 while it was acquiring properties for the future Power and Light District. In November 2005, the State of Missouri approved up to $938,538 in Brownfields Redevelopment Program remediation tax credits to help offset costs involved in the cleanup of asbestos at the theater. An estimated 200 dump-truck loads of asbestos and mold-covered debris were removed from the theater during the cleanup process. Power & Light District developer Cordish reached an agreement with AMC to form a joint venture, Midland-Empire Partners LLC, to redevelop the Empire Theater and the nearby Midland Theatre. Re-Opening The AMC Mainstreet Theater opened to the public under its original name as part of the Power & Light District on May 1, 2009, after a test period of playing second- run films for employees and invited guests beginning April 18, 2009. The theater also hosted the Kansas City Film Festival April 22–26, 2009. AMC stated the Mainstreet is its "flagship theater", spending $30 million on the renovation. The renovated theater's ground floor has three standard auditoriums, while the upper level features "cinema suites" with reclining loungers, food trays, and a call button to summon a server. All auditoriums feature 4k digital projectionAMC to Get Sony Digital Projectors - New York Times - March 29, 2009 and 11 channel sound, including overhead speakers and bass shakers mounted under the seats. AMC claims it is one of the world's most technologically advanced theater setups. The lobby area features a restaurant called The Marquee which opened on Friday, March 27, 2009. Early reports claimed the theater would feature "documentaries, independent, and foreign films", but upon opening the selection was limited to mainstream Hollywood films. On May 26, 2009, the theater was awarded the "Dr. George Ehrlich Achievement in Preservation Award" by the Historic Kansas City Foundation. Change of ownership On June 4, 2012, it was announced Alamo Drafthouse Cinemas would take over operations of the theater."Alamo Drafthouse Cinema to Take Over Mainstreet Space in Downtown KC." kansascity.com Retrieved on June 4, 2012. As of June 25, 2012 Alamo Drafthouse has the Mainstreet theater listed on their web site and is selling tickets. References Cinemas and movie theaters in Missouri Theatres in Kansas City, Missouri Movie palaces Beaux-Arts architecture in Missouri Theatres completed in 1921 Theatres on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri National Register of Historic Places in Kansas City, Missouri Downtown Kansas City "
"The 1958 Alabama gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1958. Incumbent Democrat Jim Folsom was term limited and could not seek a second consecutive term. Democratic Party nomination At this time Alabama was a de facto one-party state. Because of this, every Democratic Party nominee was considered safe for election. The real contest for governor took place during the primary. Popular incumbent Governor Jim Folsom, a racial moderate, was barred from running for reelection, as Governors could not succeed themselves at the time. Therefore, the Democratic primary was an open contest. =Candidates= * Laurie C. Battle, U.S. Representative * John G. Crommelin, retired Rear Admiral * W. E. Dodd * Shearen Elebash * Jimmy Faulkner, former State Senator and former Mayor of Bay Minette * James Gulatte * Karl Harrison * George C. Hawkins, State Representative * C. C. Owen * John Malcolm Patterson, Attorney General * Shorty Price * A. W. Todd, Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries * Billy Walker * George Wallace, Third Judicial Circuit Judge and former State Representative The two front-runners, Patterson and Wallace, held deeply different positions on racial segregation issues. While Patterson, known primarily as crime-fighting attorney general, ran on a very segregationist platform and accepted an official endorsement from Ku Klux Klan, Wallace, a close ally of Folsom, refused to cooperate with the KKK and was endorsed by the NAACP. =Primary results = Primaries were held on June 3, 1958. =Runoff= Because none of candidates won a majority, a runoff was held on June 24, 1958, in order to determine which candidate received the nomination. Republican Party nomination William Longshore, a former Republican Party nominee for the U.S. House of Representatives from the 9th district (lost, winning 34.12% votes) won the gubernatorial nomination unopposed. General election After his defeat, George Wallace, who was a racial moderate, modified his public position in order to gain the white support necessary to win the next election. References http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=80047 1958 Alabama Gubernatorial November 1958 events "