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"The Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba () are a former Jesuit reduction built by missionaries in the province of Córdoba, Argentina, named a World Heritage Site in 2000. The Manzana Jesuítica contains the University of Córdoba, one of the oldest in South America, the Monserrat Secondary School, a church, and residence buildings. To maintain such a project, the Jesuits operated six Estancias (residences) around the province of Córdoba, named Caroya, Jesús María, Santa Catalina, Alta Gracia, Candelaria, and San IgnacioThe Estancia San Ignacio no longer exists, as it was reduced to rubble.. The farm and the complex, started in 1615, had to be left by the Jesuits, following the 1767 decree by King Charles III of Spain that expelled them from the continent.Manfred Barthel. The Jesuits: History and Legend of the Society of Jesus. Translated and adapted from the German by Mark Howson. William Morrow & Co., 1984, pp. 223-4. They were then run by the Franciscans until 1853, when the Jesuits returned to The Americas. Nevertheless, the university and the high-school were nationalized a year later. Each Estancia has its own church and set of buildings, around which towns grew, such as Alta Gracia, the closest to the Block. The Jesuit Block and the Estancias can be visited by tourists; the Road of the Jesuit Estancias is approximately in length. Jorge Mario Bergoglio, who would later become Pope Francis, lived there. External links *Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba - Argentine Tourism Office *Estancias Jesuíticas *Images of the Estancias - Government of Córdoba *Jesuitic institutions in Argentina References Buildings and structures completed in the 17th century World Heritage Sites in Argentina Buildings and structures in Córdoba Province, Argentina Jesuit history in South America Spanish missions in Argentina Former populated places in Argentina Tourist attractions in Córdoba Province, Argentina 1615 establishments in the Spanish Empire "
"In mathematical optimization and related fields, relaxation is a modeling strategy. A relaxation is an approximation of a difficult problem by a nearby problem that is easier to solve. A solution of the relaxed problem provides information about the original problem. For example, a linear programming relaxation of an integer programming problem removes the integrality constraint and so allows non-integer rational solutions. A Lagrangian relaxation of a complicated problem in combinatorial optimization penalizes violations of some constraints, allowing an easier relaxed problem to be solved. Relaxation techniques complement or supplement branch and bound algorithms of combinatorial optimization; linear programming and Lagrangian relaxations are used to obtain bounds in branch-and-bound algorithms for integer programming. The modeling strategy of relaxation should not be confused with iterative methods of relaxation, such as successive over- relaxation (SOR); iterative methods of relaxation are used in solving problems in differential equations, linear least-squares, and linear programming.. ) However, iterative methods of relaxation have been used to solve Lagrangian relaxations.Relaxation methods for finding feasible solutions to linear inequality systems arise in linear programming and in Lagrangian relaxation. and loc=Section 4.3.7, pp. 120–123 cite Shmuel Agmon (1954), and Theodore Motzkin and Isaac Schoenberg (1954), and L. T. Gubin, Boris T. Polyak, and E. V. Raik (1969). Definition A relaxation of the minimization problem : z = \min \\{c(x) : x \in X \subseteq \mathbf{R}^{n}\\} is another minimization problem of the form :z_R = \min \\{c_R(x) : x \in X_R \subseteq \mathbf{R}^{n}\\} with these two properties # X_R \supseteq X # c_R(x) \leq c(x) for all x \in X. The first property states that the original problem's feasible domain is a subset of the relaxed problem's feasible domain. The second property states that the original problem's objective-function is greater than or equal to the relaxed problem's objective-function. Properties If x^* is an optimal solution of the original problem, then x^* \in X \subseteq X_R and z = c(x^*) \geq c_R(x^*)\geq z_R. Therefore, x^* \in X_R provides an upper bound on z_R. If in addition to the previous assumptions, c_R(x)=c(x), \forall x\in X, the following holds: If an optimal solution for the relaxed problem is feasible for the original problem, then it is optimal for the original problem. Some relaxation techniques *Linear programming relaxation *Lagrangian relaxation *Semidefinite relaxation * Surrogate relaxation and duality NotesReferences . . ) * W. R. Pulleyblank, Polyhedral combinatorics (pp. 371–446); ** George L. Nemhauser and Laurence A. Wolsey, Integer programming (pp. 447–527); ** Claude Lemaréchal, Nondifferentiable optimization (pp. 529–572); Mathematical optimization Approximations "
"Magic Moon (original title: Märchenmond, meaning "Fairy Tale Moon") is a young adult fantasy novel written by German authors Wolfgang and Heike Hohlbein in 1982. The book was Hohlbein's first success as a writer and the starting point of his career as one of Europe's most well-known and prolific fantasy writers. It was published in over a dozen countries and sold more than two million copies, and became the first Hohlbein novel released in the English-speaking world in 2006. Plot introduction The novel tells the story of the land that people travel to when they dream, and how a young boy finds courage and strength in fighting, but also in accepting, his own deepest fears and nightmares. Plot summary Kim is an average German schoolboy who hates math but loves to read the latest copy of Star Fighter. His daydreaming life spirals into a nightmare when his parents inform him that his little sister Rebecca has fallen into a mysterious coma after her appendicectomy. A visitor from the realm of Magic Moon, the wizard Themistocles, tells him there is only one way to free her from the enchantment of eternal sleep: Kim himself must travel into the land of dreams and save her from the dark wizard Boraas, who has captured her soul. So his next dream pulls Kim into Magic Moon, where he must fly a spaceship, disguise himself as a dark warrior, fight dangerous monsters and fantastical creatures, and journey ever-onward through forests and mountains to the end of the world, only to find out that the answer to saving Rebecca – and Magic Moon – lies within himself. Sequels The story of the adventures of Kim Moon Magic continued on a second novel, Märchenmonds Kinder ("Children of Magic Moon") in 1990 and a third, Märchenmonds Erben ("Magic Heirs Moon") in 1998. A new section, Die Zauberin von Märchenmond ("The Sorceress of Magic Moon"), published in Germany in 2005, features Rebekka, Kim's sister, as the new protagonist. Kim himself does not appear, as he is explained to be attending college at the time of the plot. The newest release, Silberhorn ("Silver Horn"), was published in Germany in 2009. External links *Official German Website about Hohlbein and Magic Moon *Magic Moon at toykopop.com 1982 German novels 1982 fantasy novels German fantasy novels "