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"William Pollack (February 26, 1926 – November 3, 2013) was a British-born American immunologist who developed the Rho(D) immune globulin vaccine against Rh disease, a leading cause of erythroblastosis fetalis. Pollack co-developed the vaccine, also known by the RhoGAM brand name, which is given to pregnant women to prevent Rh disease, with Dr. Vincent Freda and Dr. John G. Gorman of Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center. Pollack's vaccine, introduced in 1968, virtually eliminated cases of Rh disease in developed countries. Prior to the RhoGAM vaccine, Rh disease was responsible for approximately 10,000 infant deaths in the United States annually. The development of the RhoGAM vaccine has been called one of the ten greatest medical breakthroughs of the 20th Century. Pollack, Freda and Gorman were awarded the Albert Lasker Clinical Medical Research Award for their achievement in 1980. Early life and education Pollack was born in London on February 26, 1926, to David and Rose Pollack. He served in the Royal Navy during World War II. He enrolled at Imperial College, London after the war, earning a bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1948. In 1950, Pollack received a master's degree from St. George's Hospital Medical School. He then worked in the pathology department at St. George's from 1948 to 1954. Career Pollack moved to British Columbia, Canada, in 1954 to become a director of a blood bank and clinical laboratory. In 1956, he moved, this time to Raritan, New Jersey, where he joined the staff of Ortho Pharmaceutical, where he began his research on his Rh disease vaccine. He would eventually become Ortho Pharmaceutical's vice president and director of research. Pollack obtained a doctorate in zoology at Rutgers University while researching Rh disease at Ortho. Pollack later taught immunology at Rutgers University and Columbia University. Illness and death Dr. William Pollock died from complications of diabetes and heart disease on November 3, 2013, in Yorba Linda, California, at the age of 87. He was survived by his sons, Malcolm and David, and predeceased by his wife, Alison Calder, who died in 2006. References 1926 births 2013 deaths British immunologists American immunologists Rutgers University faculty Columbia University faculty Rutgers University alumni Alumni of St George's, University of London Alumni of Imperial College London Royal Navy personnel of World War II British emigrants to the United States Recipients of the Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award "
"Carl C. James (September 18, 1925 - November 14, 2005) was an American collegiate sports executive. He was the commissioner of the Big Eight Conference from 1980 through 1996. Biography Early life and education A native of Raleigh, N.C., he graduated from Duke University. Awards and honors *1996: James J. Corbett Memorial Award References External links * Duke profile 1925 births 2005 deaths Big Eight Conference commissioners Duke Blue Devils athletic directors Duke Blue Devils football players Maryland Terrapins athletic directors College men's track and field athletes in the United States Sportspeople from Raleigh, North Carolina "
"Elizabeth II and privy council (1957) Lists of historical members of the Privy Council for Canada cover former members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, which provides advice to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs. The lists are organized by period. *List of members of the Privy Council for Canada (1867–1911) *List of members of the Privy Council for Canada (1911–48) *List of members of the Privy Council for Canada (1948–68) *List of members of the Privy Council for Canada (1968–2005) *List of members of the Privy Council for Canada (2006–present) See also * List of current members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada "