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"The Lincoln Center Historic District is a historic district on Bedford, Lincoln, Old Lexington, Sandy Pond, Trapelo & Weston Roads in Lincoln, Massachusetts. The district encompasses Lincoln's civic heart, consisting of a traditional New England Meeting House, a Late Victorian church and the Lincoln Public Library, and a Georgian Revival town hall, as well as a cluster of residences dating to the mid-18th century, when Lincoln was established as a town separate from its neighbors. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. See also *National Register of Historic Places listings in Middlesex County, Massachusetts References Buildings and structures in Lincoln, Massachusetts Historic districts in Middlesex County, Massachusetts National Register of Historic Places in Middlesex County, Massachusetts Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts "
"Richie Powling (born 21 May 1956) is an English former professional footballer who played as a central defender, and who later became a manager. Playing career Born in Barking, Powling began his career at Arsenal, signing on apprentice terms in September 1971. A regular for the club's reserve teams while still just fifteen, he turned professional in July 1973. He made his first-team debut in a 2–0 defeat to Queens Park Rangers on 27 October 1973, but only played twice more that season. He went on to win three England youth caps during the 1973–74 season. A bit-part player during 1974–75 he made only nine appearances, during the 1975–76 season. Powling then established himself in the first team during the following season; he scored his first goal in a 1–1 draw at Coventry City and played a total of 29 matches during the season. However, following the arrival of new manager Terry Neill, defenders Pat Howard and Willie Young, as well as a spate of injuries, Powling lost his regular place in the team, playing just 11 times in 1976–77 season. After appearing against Nottingham Forest in September 1977, he suffered an ankle injury, then knee damage, causing him to miss the rest of the 1977–78 and 1978–79 seasons. He made a comeback in the reserves at the end of 1979–80 but never fully recovered and did not play for the first team again. In total he played 59 times for Arsenal, scoring three goals. He then left the club in 1981 to play for non-League clubs Barnet and Grays Athletic before retiring. Managerial career He began his management career at Tiptree United in 1984,History Tiptree United before moving to Harwich & Parkeston. Between 1992 and 1997 he managed Sudbury Town, leading them to their greatest period of success; during his time as manager Sudbury were promoted to the Premier Division of the Southern League and reached the FA Cup second round for the first (and only) time in their history. After leaving Sudbury he took over as manager of Braintree Town in April 1999,Soccer: Powling aims high for Braintree Gazette, 14 April 1999 but was sacked in December that year.Soccer: Iron sack Powling Gazette, 17 December 1999 After returning to Harwich on the coaching staff in 2000,Soccer: Powling at Harwich Clacton Gazette, 13 December 2000 he joined Clacton Town in 2002, and became the club's Director of Football in 2003.Soccer: Powling steps up Gazette, 9 September 2003 References * External links *Richie Powling Sporting Heroes English footballers Arsenal F.C. players Barnet F.C. players Grays Athletic F.C. players English football managers 1956 births Footballers from Barking, London Living people Association football defenders "
"Map of Northern Europe at the time of Tryggve. Tryggvi "the Pretender" (Old Norse Tryggvi Ólafsson, Norwegian Tryggve Olavsson) was a Viking chieftain who lived in the early eleventh century, and came from "west across the sea" (probably from the Norse settlements in England and Ireland). His story appears in Heimskringla by Snorri Sturluson, the saga Morkinskinna, and a saga composed by Oddr Snorrason on Olaf Tryggvason. Invasion of Norway According to Heimskringla, in 1033, during the lordship of Cnut the Great's son Svein over Norway, Tryggvi invaded Norway. He claimed to be the son of Olaf Tryggvason and his wife Gyda.Hollander (2002:534). His enemies scoffed at this claim, asserting that Tryggvi was instead the bastard son of a priest; however, Snorri Sturluson refers to Olaf's relatives in Viken as Tryggvi's "kinsmen;" moreover, the author of Morkinskinna has Harald Hardrada asserting kinship with the then-deceased Tryggvi, indicating that at least some people believed Tryggvi's claim.Hollander (2002:534—535); cf. Gade (2000:255). When word reached Svein and his mother Ælfgifu of Northampton that Tryggvi's invasion was imminent, they summoned the landholders of Hålogaland and the Trondheim district to join the royal army in resisting Tryggvi. The jarl Einar Thambarskelfir, angered by the policies of Cnut's government, remained at home and refused to fight for Svein. Likewise, neither the powerful landowner Kálfr Árnason nor any of his brothers would fight for Svein.Hollander (2002:535).Shepton (1895:464). Svein and his forces made their way south to Agder, believing that Tryggvi would attempt to slip through the Skagerrak and join his supporters in Viken. Tryggvi, however, landed instead in Hordaland, then sailed to Rogaland to attack Svein's navy. The two fleets met off the island of Bokn, where only a few years before Erling Skjalgsson had been defeated and killed. During the battle, according to reports recorded by Snorri, Tryggvi hurled javelins at his enemies with both hands simultaneously, a feat for which Olaf Tryggvason had been known. He famously exclaimed "Thus did my father teach me to say mass," simultaneously asserting his descent from King Olaf and mocking his enemies' allegation that his father was a priest. Despite his celebrated resourcefulness, Tryggvi's forces were overwhelmed by Svein's fleet and Tryggvi himself was killed.Hollander (2002:535); Shepton (1895:464); Jones (2001:385). An account preserved in Morkinskinna relates that Tryggvi was actually killed by a farmer after the battle. Many years later, when Harald Hardrada was king of Norway, he passed by the site of the battle. The king met an old friend of his who pointed out the alleged assassin. After questioning the purported killer and hearing him confess, King Harald had the man hanged, citing the familial bond between him and Tryggvi and his duty to avenge the latter's death.Gade (2000:255). Heimskringla A manuscript page of Heimskringla. A famous poem, Tryggvaflokkr, was written about Tryggvi. Excerpts of the poem, usually attributed to Canute's court poet Sighvat Thordarson, were preserved in Heimskringla: :For fame eager, forth fared :from the north King Tryggvi, :whilst Sveinn from the south forth :sailed to join the battle :From fray not far was I. :Fast they raised their banners :Swiftly then-rang sword 'gainst :sword-began the bloodshed.Hollander (2002:536). This poem also appears in Oddr Snorrason's longer saga. Shepton (1895:464). Another poem recorded in Heimskringla, by an unknown skald, mentions the battle against Tryggvi: :That Sunday morning, maiden, :much unlike it was to :days when at wassail women :wait on men with ale-drink: :when Sveinn the sailors bade his :sloops of war to fasten :by their bows, with carrion :battening hungry ravens.Hollander (2002:536). Notes Sources * Gade, Kari (trans.) (2000). Morkinskinna : The Earliest Icelandic Chronicle of the Norwegian Kings (1030-1157). Cornell University Press. * Hollander, Lee (trans.) (2002). Heimskringla: History of the Kings of Norway. University of Texas Press. * Jones, Gwyn (2001). A History of the Vikings. Oxford Univ. Press, USA. * Sephton, John (trans.) (1895). The Saga of King Olaf Tryggwason. D. Nutt. 1033 deaths Viking warriors Pretenders to the Norwegian throne 11th-century Norwegian people Year of birth unknown "