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"The Moscow Bureau for Human Rights () is Russian human rights monitoring non- governmental organization, which is headed by Alexander Brod. The Bureau publishes monitoring materials of the violation of human rights in Russia, carries out educational programs, holds press-conferences. The Bureau won a European Commission grant to conduct project Public Campaign to Combat Racism, Xenophobia, Anti-Semitism, and Ethnic Discrimination in the Multinational Russian Federation. The Public Council of the Bureau includes Alla Gerber, Leonid Zhukhovitsky, Alexander Rekemchuk, Mark Rozovsky. External links *Moscow Bureau for Human Rights *Moscow Bureau for Human Rights Organizations established in 2002 2002 establishments in Russia Organizations based in Moscow Human rights organizations based in Russia Civil rights organizations "
"Eric Hudson (born October 15, 1986) is an American and Grammy award-winning music producer. His father is Curtis Hudson, songwriter and producer, and most notably the co-writer of Madonna's song "Holiday", co-written with Eric's mother, singer/songwriter Lisa Stevens. Hudson attended Columbia High School in Maplewood, New Jersey, and graduated in 2004. He is a multi-instrumentalist (including piano, drums, bass, guitar, and organ), and honed much of his early music development playing in church and conducting his own jazz band called the Jazz Funk Project. Hudson has played at Carnegie Hall, and performed at the Apollo Theater in Harlem for the 2002 Democratic National Convention. His early introduction into the industry began by working alongside legendary hip hop producers Buckwild and DJ Kay Gee from Naughty by Nature. Hudson was an instrumentalist on two ground-breaking albums, The Game's The Documentary and 50 Cent's The Massacre, which helped take his career to the next level. Soon after, he produced the song "Entourage" by Omarion. Hudson has won three Grammy awards and has been a part of more than 60 million records sold worldwide, playing with artists including Whitney Houston, Mariah Carey, Chris Brown, Ne-Yo, Leona Lewis, John Legend, Kanye West, Dr. Dre, Mary J. Blige, and Trey Songz. Partial discography 2005 The Game - The Documentary * 18. "Like Father, Like Son" (feat. Busta Rhymes) (live bass and keyboards) 50 Cent - The Massacre * 21."I Don't Need Em" (live bass) Wyclef Jean - Hotel Rwanda (original soundtrack) * 00. "Million Voices" (keyboards) 2006 Omarion - 21 * 01. "Entourage" * 03. "Electric" * 11. "Been With a Star" John Legend - Once Again * 06. "P.D.A. (We Just Don't Care)" Mila J - "Good Lookin' Out" single * 00. "Good Lookin' Out" (feat. Marques Houston) Ne-Yo - Because of You * 03. "Can We Chill" * 07. "Ain't Thinking About You" Mary J. Blige - Reflections (A Retrospective) * 03. "You Know" 2007 B5 - Don't Talk, Just Listen * 11. "I Must Love Drama" Lloyd - Street Love * 11. "Take You Home" Beanie Sigel - The Solution * 04. "Go Low" (feat. Rock City) Kanye West - Graduation * 09. "Flashing Lights" (co-produced with Kanye West) Kevin Michael - kevin Michael * 05. "Vicki Secrets" * 13. "Too Blessed" Chris Brown - Exclusive * 18. "Mama" Leona Lewis - Spirit * 10. "I'm You" Trey Songz - Trey Day * 09. "Fly Together" (feat. Jim Jones) Mary J. Blige - Growing Pains * 14. "Talk to Me" Jordin Sparks - This Christmas soundtrack * 2. "I'll Be Home For Christmas" 2008 Brandy - Meet the Browns soundtrack * 04. "Dig This" Cheri Dennis - In and out of Love * 09. "Pretend" Tiffany Evans- Tiffany Evans * 08. "About a Boy" Raven-Symoné - Raven-Symoné * 03. "In the Pictures" Cherish - The Truth * 06. "Before U Were My Man" Jesse McCartney - Departure * 08. "Told You So" * 12. "Not Your Enemy" * 13. "Oxygen" Nas - Untitled Nas album * 12. "Project Roach" * 00. "Who Are You" Lloyd - Lessons in Love * 03. "Treat U Good" * 04. "Year Of The Lover" * 08. "Love Making 101" 2009 Corbin Bleu - Speed of Light * 03. "Moments that Matter" * 05. "Champion" * 07. "Whatever It Takes" * 10. "Angel Cry" * 11. "Close" Flo Rida - R.O.O.T.S. * 08. "Mind on My Money" Jadakiss - The Last Kiss * 15. "By My Side" (feat. Ne-Yo) Trey Songz - Ready * 06. "Does He Do It" Whitney Houston - I Look to You * 08. "Worth It" Fat Joe - Jealous Ones Still Envy 2 (J.O.S.E. 2) * 06. "Congratulations" Mario - D.N.A. * 06. "Stranded" Amerie - In Love & War * 02. "Heard 'Em All" Brandy - Unreleased * 00. "Love Me The Most" * 00. "Back & Forth" * 00. "Tell 'Em" (posted by Brandy on Twitter) * 00. "Bring It Back" (180) * 00. "Sober" 2010 Brutha - "Can't Get Enough" single * 00. "Can't Get Enough" Trey Songz - Passion, Pain & Pleasure * 9. "Made To Be Together" Jamie Foxx - Best Night of My Life * 02. "Best Night of My Life" (feat. Wiz Khalifa) * 07. "Yep Dat's Me" (feat. Ludacris and Soulja Boy) * 09. "Gorgeous" * 10. "Let Me Get You on Your Toes" (interlude) * 14. "All Said and Done" Lyfe Jennings - I Still Believe * 06. "Whatever She Wants" Jaheim - Another Round * 11. "Closer" 2011 Mary J. Blige - My Life II: The Journey Continues * 06. "25/8" * 10. "Why" (featuring Rick Ross) Professor Green - At Your Inconvenience * 10. "Doll" Trey Songz - Inevitable * 03. "I Do" (co-produced) * 05. "Sex Ain't Better Than Love" (co-produced) 2012 Tank - This Is How I Feel * 09. "Better Than Me" (co-produced) Kendrick Lamar - GoodKid, M.A.A.D City * 01. "The Recipe" (additional keyboards) Rick Ross - God Forgives, I Don't (Rick Ross album)God Forgives, I Don't * 03. "3 Kings" (additional production, keyboards) Trey Songz - Chapter V * 03. "Panty Wetter" * 14. "Without A Woman" Bridget Kelly * 00. "Special Delivery" Keyshia Cole - Woman to Woman * 03. "Missing Me" Trevor Jackson - #NewThang EP (released Sept 2013) * 05. "Like We Grown" * 03. "One Girl" 2013 Justine Skye - Everyday Living (EP/executive produced) * 01. "Everyday Living" * 03. "Messin' W/ You" (feat. Joey BADA$$) * 04. "Hardwork" (co-produced) * 06. "Good By Now" * 07. "I Don't Wanna" (Aaliyah cover) K. Michelle - Rebellious Soul * 02. "Damn" * 09. "Hate on Her" * 10. "When I Get a Man" August Alsina - Downtown: Life Under the Gun * 07. "Don't Forget About Me" 2014 August Alsina - Testimony * 13. "Benediction" Justin Bieber - single * 00. "We Were Born For This" Marsha Ambrosius - Friends & Lovers * 05. "Shoes" * 09. "La La La La La" * 14. "Spend All My Time" (feat. Charlie Wilson) K. Michelle - Anybody Wanna Buy a Heart? * 07. "Maybe I Should Call" Omarion - Sex Playlist (co-executive produced) * 01. "Sex Playlist" * 04. "Inside" * 05. "Steam" * 08. "Work" * 09. "Deeper" 2015 Mariah Carey - #1 to Infinity * 19. "Infinity" Tyrese - Black Rose * 03. "Picture Perfect" (produced with Rockwilder) * 10. "When We Make Love" 2016 K.Michelle - More Issues Than Vogue * 10. "Time" * 14. "Life I Chose" (Best Buy Bonus Track) Jakubi - 61 Barkly * 01. "Bank Account" 2018 Justin Timberlake - Man of the Woods * 08. "Morning Light" (featuring Alicia Keys) * 15. "The Hard Stuff" 2019 Nas - The Lost Tapes 2 *07. "Who Are You" (featuring David Ranier) References 1986 births Living people African-American record producers American record producers "
"Against the Wall is a 1994 American action historical drama television film directed by John Frankenheimer, written by Ron Hutchinson, and starring Samuel L. Jackson and Kyle MacLachlan. It aired on HBO on March 26, 1994. The film was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Jackson and won a Primetime Emmy Award for Frankenheimer. Plot The docudrama is a partially fictionalized account of the four-day Attica Prison riot in 1971 at the Attica Correctional Facility, where prisoners took over much of state prison to protest inhumane conditions. The movie is focused on rookie Corrections Officer Michael Smith (Kyle MacLachlan) and inmate Jamaal X (Samuel L. Jackson) who develop a wary friendship with each other. It is largely told through Smith, who was shot four times, and based on Smith's testimony. Jamaal X is based on several inmates, including the inmate Smith credits with saving his life. Clarence Williams III plays the inmate Chaka, one of the more ruthless prisoners who does not participate in the riot for honorable reasons. The film opens with a montage of news footage from the late 1960s and early 1970s, including the assassination of Robert Kennedy, students killed at the Kent State shootings and the Watts riots. The movie then shows the quiet streets of Attica, New York and a 22 year old Smith in a barber shop getting his long hair cut. Smith is an expectant father who decided to become a corrections officer because of the pay. After the hair cut, he goes to start his new job at the prison where black militant Jamaal X also arrives. The film shows the first day of the two men, cross-cutting between them. The terrible prison conditions are revealed. Corrections Officers treat the prisoners abusively, with violence and needless strip searches, and basic needs like functioning toilets are ignored. The spirit of the Vietnam war protests is influencing the prisoners to seek recognition of their human rights. Smith begins hearing of complaints of degrading conditions from increasingly politicized prisoners, particularly Jamaal X, a Muslim leader prominent in the fight for prisoner rights. Smith is portrayed as the only officer who treats the inmates with respect and his occasional signs of sympathy for the prisoners make his co-workers suspicious of him. The seasoned Corrections Officers, like Lieutenant Weisbad, do not allow challenges to their methods of complete, and often humiliating, control. Ultimately Smith's alliance with Jamaal saves his life. Initially Smith allows himself to dehumanize the prisoners, cooperating with the inhumane treatment of the prisoners as he obeys the orders of his supervisors, even if it goes against his morals. His wife Sharon (Anne Heche) expresses disappointment and contempt when she tells him "You're changing!" However, Smith loses the willingness to follow orders during the uprising, after he is beaten by prisoners in the metal shop he supervises. Several prisoners led by the psychopath Chaka were able to overwhelm the officers and take them hostage when a gate malfunctions. Jamaal protects the officers from Chaka and the other sadists, recognizing they will lose the ability to negotiate with government officials if the hostages are killed. Smith refuses to humiliate himself in exchange for basic needs unlike the other captured officers. He tells his puzzled co-workers, "I wasn't a guard long enough to learn how to be a prisoner." Jamaal comes to respect Smith for his non-conformity and considers him to be a kindred spirit. Jamaal recruits Smith to speak to a news crew, to testify that the hostages have not been tortured or killed. As the news conference, Smith hints to Jamaal that he cares more about his own dignity than the approval of others, an attitude he did not show prior to the crisis. However, New York's governor ends negotiations on the fifth day of the uprising and orders a raid by law enforcement officials and soldiers. Inmates and their hostages are fired at indiscriminately as their vision is impaired by tear gas. Chaka and Lt. Weisbad are among those killed. Smith is shot several times in the stomach by a friend who is an Attica police constable. Jamaal is wounded by a stray bullet. The statistics in film's epilogue convey its importance to the present. The U.S. prison population had risen 300 percent since the uprising, surpassing South Africa as the biggest per capita in the world, and this was likely to worsen with the three strikes law. Forty states were currently cited by the courts for overcrowding or other inhumane conditions. Cast * Kyle MacLachlan as Corrections Officer Michael Smith * Samuel L. Jackson as inmate Jamaal X * Clarence Williams III as inmate Chaka * Frederic Forrest as Vietnam veteran Corrections Officer Lieutenant Weisbad * Harry Dean Stanton as Hal Smith, Michael's father and a retired Correction Officer * Philip Bosco as Corrections Commissioner Russell Oswald * Tom Bower as Ed, Michael's uncle who works in the prison * Anne Heche as Sharon Smith, Michael's wife Production The film had a 31-day shooting schedule and $5.8 million budget. The film was filmed in Tennessee State Penitentiary near Nashville, Tennessee and in Clarksville, Tennessee in the spring of 1993. Michael Smith, who never worked in a prison again, was located with the help of private investigators. Former inmates who were present during the riot were cast as extras. MacLachlan spent hours talking to Smith to prepare for the role. Smith was originally invited to consult for a few days but stayed for the duration of the filming. Jackson drew on his own experience as an activist at Morehouse College in the 1960s, read books, and watched the TV series Eyes on the Prize to prepare for the role of Jamaal X. Williams prepared for the role of Chaka by watching documentary footage of the riot. Critical reception The film received almost unanimous acclaim from critics when it had its television premiere. Critics felt the film was compelling and praised the cast for its performance. The Chicago Tribune praised the "finely drawn characters" in Ron Hutchinson's script. Historical accuracy Although the prisoners were discontented with the ghastly prison conditions, the unplanned uprising began with a misunderstanding. On Sept. 8, 1971, a prisoner had been accused of hitting an officer. The next morning, after more prisoner infractions and a miscommunication among officers, a group of prisoners were locked in a tunnel connecting different parts of the prison. Believing that officers were coming to beat them up in reprisal, the prisoners attacked the officers in the tunnel and some attacked each other. Prisoners in other parts of the facility figured out what was happening and began to arm themselves e.g. with two-by-fours, chair legs, etc. When the prisoners in the tunnel burst out, the other inmates were taking over the prison. They created a society, with some rules by consensus and elected leaders. Observers like radical defense lawyer William M. Kunstler, The New York Times columnist Tom Wicker, and Bobby Seale, chairman of the Black Panther Party, were invited to inspect prison conditions and monitor negotiations. The observers took on the role of mediators. relaying demands which included amnesty from reprisals and basic rights. The prison uprising ended on September 13, 1971, when 1,000 New York state troopers, sheriff's deputies, correction officers and members of the National Guard under the order of Governor Nelson Rockefeller to fire at will, raided the prison and killed 29 inmates and 10 officers who were being held hostage. Rockefeller, who wanted to be president, had decided not to go to the prison to broker a peaceful resolution as the inmates and their negotiators had asked. Although agreement appeared near on many of the inmates’ demands, the assault was approved when negotiations over amnesty had stalled and there were concerns for the safety of the hostages. Some prisoners beat up their least favorite officers. One officer, William Quinn, died early in the uprising after a blow to the head; he fell and was trampled. After that, officers taken hostage were treated well. After a helicopter sprayed a cloud of tear gas, troopers shot indiscriminately some 2,000 rounds of ammunition. After the shooting stopped, scores of prisoners were beaten and tortured, hundreds of whom were seriously wounded and initially denied medical care. Who shot Michael Smith has not been revealed. The brutalization of inmates continued long after the re-taking of the prison. References External links * 1994 films 1990s prison films American films based on actual events Films directed by John Frankenheimer HBO Films films American films Attica Correctional Facility American prison drama films Films set in 1971 "