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"Borderline Speedway, is a dirt track racing venue in the Australian state of South Australia located in the locality of Glenburnie, South Australia about east of the city of Mount Gambier. Racing at the speedway generally takes place between November and May. History Borderline Speedway was opened on 23 February 1957 with stock car racing supported by local motorbike races. The South East Racing Car Club took over the promotion of the speedway in 1961 and six years later production car racing was introduced as were the Super Modifieds (later known as Sprintcars). The speedway received its first safety fence in 1970 and the light towers were replaced with a single light tower on the infield. To improve lighting, this was soon joined by a second infield light tower. The old Super Modifieds were phased out and Sprintcars first hit the track in 1977. The next improvement to the speedway came during the mid-1980s when clay was added to the track affectionately known as "The Bullring". This unfortunately saw the end of Motorcycle speedway and Sidecar speedway as a regular on the program at Borderline, but two new categories were introduced, the Formula 500's and Street Stocks. The pit area was expanded in 1985 to accommodate extra vehicles and over $100,000 worth of improvements to the speedway were completed by December 1987. From 1980, Borderline has been the South Australian venue for the Easter Sprintcar Trail (the other tracks used generally being Victorian tracks Premier Speedway in Warrnambool and the Avalon Raceway in Lara) with some of the biggest names in Australian sprintcar racing taking part including multiple Australian champions Garry Rush, George and Brooke Tatnell (NSW), Max Dumesny and Brett Lacey (Vic), as well as Mount Gambier's own Bill Barrows (the current President of the speedway), David Veal and Steven Lines. Borderline Speedway was awarded the Australian Sprintcar Championship in 1995, the first time the title had been held in South Australia outside of the state capital Adelaide. The event was a huge success with a crowd of just on 7,500 witnessing Sydney's Garry Brazier retaining his national crown from Brooke Tatnell and 10-time champion Garry Rush. The success of the event saw the introduction of the Kings Challenge which has become an annual event on the Australian calendar since 1995. Traditionally run on the Friday night before the Grand Annual Sprintcar Classic in Warrnambool, the $10,000 to win event was moved to the Thursday night to accommodate the Classic's move to a 3-day event in 2014. With the Kings Challenge running prior to the Classic, the event attracts the best sprintcar drivers from Australia and the United States. In 2007, Borderline Speedway celebrated its 50th year of continuous operation.Borderline Speedway celebrates 50 years Borderline is also a regular stop for the World Series Sprintcars, and is run as the 3rd meeting of "Speedweek" during the series following Speedway City in Adelaide, Murray Bridge Speedway, and followed by Avalon Raceway and Premier Speedway. The speedway is also a regular venue for the National Super Sedan Series as well as the Sidecar Grand Slam series. Prior to the series demise in 2000, Borderline also hosted rounds of David Tapp's Australian Speedway Masters Series which saw some of Australia's best Solo riders such as Jason Crump, Leigh Adams, Craig Boyce and Ryan Sullivan take on the world's best including World Champions Sam Ermolenko, Billy Hamill and Greg Hancock (USA), Tony Rickardsson (Sweden), Mark Loram, Simon Wigg and Kelvin Tatum (England). Since hosting the national sprintcar title in 1995, Borderline has also hosted the Australian Super Sedan Championship, Australian Street Stock Championship, Australian Modified Production Car Championship, Australian Late Model Championship, and in 2007 hosted the 5th and final round of the Australian Solo Championship. The event (and the championship) was won by Australia's reigning Speedway World Champion Jason Crump.2007 Australian Solo Championship - Rd.5 A Final @ Borderline Track information Length - , 1 metre out from the pole line Width - 15 metres Banking - 1.4 metres Surface - Clay Safety Fence - 1.2 metre concrete wall with 1.5 metre high weld-mesh topped with 1.6 metre chain mesh above with 1 metre at 45 degree angle to infield with cable attached Spectator Fence - 2.4 metres high cyclone mesh - 3.6 metres beyond catch fence Noise Level - 95dba. Effective mufflers are enforced. Lap records as of 26 December 2015 Cars *410 Sprintcars: 10.642 - Jamie Veal (), 28 December 2014 *Formula 500: 13.10 - Brock Hallett (), 28 March 2009 *Speedcars: 13.30 - Steven Graham (), 21 November 1998 *Hot rod: 13.67 - Damian Eve (), 2 January 1998 *Super Sedans: 13.47 - Dave Gartner (), 21 March 2015 *V8 Dirt Modified: 14.09 - Glen Goonan (), 20 November 2004 *V6 Sprints: 14.76 - Steven Agars (), 12 December 1998 *Super Rods: 14.81 - Greg Cocayn (), 2 February 2000 *Wingless Sprints: 14.81 - Todd Wigzell (), 9 January 2010 *Sportsmans: 15.20 - Barry Ross (), 22 April 2000 *Modified Productions: 15.52 - Greg Gartner (), 26 February 2000 *AMCA Nationals: 16.17 - Brain Chadwick (), 20 November 1999 *Street Stocks: 16.43 - Jason Duell (), 22 February 2003 *Junior Sedans: 17.80 - Steven Lines (), 20 November 1999 Bikes (4 laps clutch start) *Solos: 58.60 - Billy Hamill (), 15 January 2000 *Sidecars: 1:02.01 - Mark Plaisted () / Sam Gilbert (), 12 January 2013 ReferencesExternal links *Borderline Speedway official site Speedway venues in Australia Sports venues in South Australia Limestone Coast "
"Jessica Garretson Finch (August 19, 1871 – October 31, 1949) was an American educator, author, women's rights activist, founder of the Lennox School for girls, and founding president of Finch College. Early life Finch was born on August 19, 1871, the daughter of Congregational minister Rev. Ferdinand Van De Vere Garretson and Helen Philbrick Garretson. When she was 12, the family moved from New York, where her father was rector of Grace Chapel on West 22nd Street, to Franconia, New Hampshire. She attended Dow Academy and the Cambridge Latin School before entering Barnard College. Finch received her A.B. from Barnard College in 1893, the first graduating class of the new, women's college. She applied to attend law school at Columbia University, and was formally refused on the grounds that the Law School did not admit women. She earned her LL.B. from New York University School of Law in 1898. Career She was a well-known suffragette, president of the New York Equal Franchise Society. Finch was an advocate of careers for women. Although in 1912 she self-described as an "orthodox Socialist", her views shifted and she was later described as a political "liberal". She gave paid, public talks on the subject to young ladies as a part-time job to help support herself when she was a college student in the 1890s. She continued to lecture to young ladies on a range of topics, and also worked as a tutor in subjects including Greek after graduating from college. She was a founding member of the Colony Club and was an author, penning such books as Mothers and Daughters, Psychology of Youth, and Flower and Kitchen Gardens. In a February 1908 talk that Finch gave at the Civitas Club in New York City, she said: > Evolutionary and revolutionary methods [of education] will bring the real > resurrection, the Renaissance of man! We are passing through an economic > age, and though conservative folk are usually the most popular it is our > real work to enlarge the social conscience; our ancestors barely kept > themselves alive, we have made a living, and our descendants will pass > ascetic beautiful lives, never selfishly nor foolishly, but on a solid > foundation and for the advancement of all. In June 1949 she was given a Doctorate of Humane Letters, honoris causa, by New York University. The citation described her as a graduate of the university's law school who had founded a women's college, "on the unorthodox postulate that every graduate should mother at least four children and cultivate a non-domestic avocation fore and aft." Finch College and Lennox School Finch founded the Finch school in 1900 to provide career training for young women, saying that her own education at Barnard College had not given her or her classmates the skills needed to earn a living. Ironically, Finch became not a career-oriented college, but rather "one of the most famed of U.S. girls' finishing schools." Finch founded the Finch School, later Finch Junior College, and, after 1952, Finch College, to enact her conviction that women ought to be prepared for careers. She envisioned a world in which women would work until they wed, at about age 25, bear and rear children for about fifteen years, before resuming paid employment at about age 40 and working for another three decades. Finch founded the college as the Finch School, a secondary school for girls. In 1916 she founded the Lennox School, a primary school to prepare girls to enter the Finch School. Lennox School employed Kitty Kenney and Jennie Kenney as joint heads until they retired in 1929. The Kenney sisters had been trained by Maria Montessori. They were two of the four sisters who were leading members of the militant Women's Social and Political Union. Kitty and Jennie had run a convalescent home in London for recovering suffragettes after they had been imprisoned and force fed. Family She was married to James Wells Finch with whom she had a daughter, Elsie; the couple divorced. In 1913 Finch married John O'Hara Cosgrave, an editor of the New York World, who died in 1947. She was the mother of Elsie Finch McKeogh, a New York literary agent. Death Finch died at her home in Manhattan on October 31, 1949. See also *List of suffragists and suffragettes References American women's rights activists Founders of schools in the United States American suffragists 1871 births 1949 deaths Barnard College alumni New York University School of Law alumni Cambridge Rindge and Latin School alumni People from Franconia, New Hampshire "
"The U.S. Labor Party was a political party in the District of Columbia It campaigned for modernization, humanism, and social conservatism. A spin-off of New York-based Students for a Democratic Society, the U.S. Labor Party campaigned for policies that increased economic growth and prosperity and criticized laws and judicial rulings that were socially liberal. History=1974 election cycle In 1974, the U.S. Labor Party announced that Susan Pennington would run for the District of Columbia's Delegate to Congress. Pennington was originally from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and she was a graduate of Oakland University. Pennington had worked as a newspaper journalist, a press aide, and a lobbyist for the Health and Welfare Council of the District of Columbia. Pennington was living in Adams Morgan at the time of her candidacy. Pennington said her campaign was against the conspiracy formed by Vice President Nelson Rockefeller, the Central Intelligence Agency, and the "liberal fascists of the Democratic Party". Pennington would not discuss local politics of the District of Columbia because the world was facing another depression similar to the Great Depression. According to Pennington, the only solution was nuclear fusion that would create energy from the ocean water, ending worldwide dependence on oil. Pennington said that Vice President Rockefeller had brainwashed the world into thinking there was an oil shortage and was orchestrating a nuclear war in the Middle East. Pennington said that the District's most important problems were inadequate housing and inadequate social service programs, both of which could be solved by ending all debt. Pennington said a socialist economy would help elders, and crime would be reduced by abolishing the United States Department of Justice's Law Enforcement Assistance Administration. Pennington said the U.S. Labor Party was the only political party that could solve the world's problems. The U.S. Labor Party's announced candidate for mayor of the District of Columbia was Gary Turner. Turner did not secure a place on the general election ballot. Pennington did not win the election, receiving two percent of the total vote. 1975 election cycle In 1975, Pennington ran as the U.S. Labor Party candidate to represent Ward 1 on the District of Columbia Board of Election. Pennington said she would end drug trafficking in the District's public schools, ban methadone, and start hospital-based drug detoxification programs. Pennington did not win the election. 1976 election cycle Pennington ran as the U.S. Labor Party candidate for the District's delegate in 1976. Pennington said that the international monetary system would collapse imminently. Pennington did not win the election. Bernard Greene was the U.S. Labor Party candidate for an at-large seat on the Council of the District of Columbia. Greene came in fifth place with three percent of the total vote. 1977 election cycle Pennington ran for an at-large seat on the Council in 1977. Pennington opposed legalization of marijuana because the President Jimmy Carter's administration was using marijuana to dull people's thoughts and create political apathy so that workers perform their unskilled labor. Pennington advocated for ending taxation until the Council completed an overhaul of the entire government. She said that economic prosperity from industrial development was a better alternative to tax increases. She also wanted the Council to stop repaying the money it had borrowed from the United States Treasury and instead use the money for social service programs. Pennington opposed gun control. On a national level, Pennington thought the United States economy should be entirely reorganized in order to save it. Stuart Rosenblatt was the U.S. Labor Party candidate for at-large member of the Board of Education. Rosenblatt was serving as the director of the Washington local affairs office of the U.S. Labor Party. Pennington received 9,252 votes and did not win in the general election, Because the U.S. Labor Party candidate received more than 7,500 votes, the District of Columbia Board of Elections and Ethics deemed the U.S. Labor Party a major party in June 1978. As a major party, the Socialist Workers Party would hold primary elections during each election cycle beginning in 1978 and continuing as long as at least one of their candidates received more than 7,500 votes in each general election. 1978 election cycle 1978 was the first year in which the U.S. Labor Party had an official primary election in the District of Columbia. Pennington was the U.S. Labor Party candidate for mayor in 1978. While focusing her campaign on economic growth, she pointed out the she opposed a commuter tax and a law requiring employees of the District government to live in the District. Pennington claimed that Europe and Japan had formed a new monetary system during a summit and that the United States needed to join it. She advocated for increased enforcement of drug laws, incentives by the government to increase construction, establish high- technology research programs, build a nuclear power plant, improve schools, maintain funding of social service programs, build affordable housing, and enact voter identification laws. She was opposed to energy conservation, gay rights, drug use, and cuts in social service programs because none of them increased economic growth. Bruce Director ran for chair of the Council. A bank teller, Director said that if Marion Barry and other Democratic candidates won their elections, the District could come under a hideous form of social control not seen since the Roman Empire. Cloid J. Green ran for the District's delegate. Green worked in a hotel and drove a taxi. Stuart Rosenblatt ran for at-large member of the Council under the U.S. Labor Party. Suzanne Klebe was the U.S. Labor Party candidate for the Ward 1 seat on the Council. Klebe was a typesetter at a print shop. Pennington came in third place with 1,098 votes, or one percent of the total vote. Director came in third place with 2,727 votes, or three percent of the total vote. Green came in fifth place with 1,065 votes, or one percent of the total vote. Rosenblatt came in fifth place with 4,506 votes, or three percent of the total vote. Klebe came in third place with 215 votes, or two percent of the total vote. Because no U.S. Labor Party candidate received more than 7,500 votes in the general election, the U.S. Labor Party lost its major-party status after the 1978 election. 1979 election cycleCouncil election= Rosenblatt ran in the special election for an at-large seat on the Council in 1979. Rosenblatt said that Secretary of Energy James R. Schlesinger was lying about there being an energy crisis. He said that former Secretary of the Treasury W. Michael Blumenthal and current Secretary G. William Miller were lying about there being an economic recession. Rosenblatt denounced the policies of the United States, United Kingdom, and International Monetary Fund of severely reducing budget deficits because it would create a world depression and start a nuclear war with the Soviet Union. Rosenblatt said that the United States Strategic Air Command's exercises would lead to war. He also warned that President Carter had been given "emergency totalitarian powers". Rosenblatt said that voters who did not support the U.S. Labor Party have "condemned your family to burn in the thermonuclear war or at best to be squeezed dead in a period of brutal Hitlerian austerity." Rosenblatt said that implementing significant decreases in interest rates, increased employee wages, and importation of oil from Mexico would guarantee one-hundred years of prosperity and no inflation. Rosenblatt did not win the special election. =Board of Education election= In late 1979, Rosenblatt ran for an at-large seat on the Board of Education. Rosenblatt protested proposed decreases in the public school system's budget. He called for more advanced classes and more vocational classes. He said that elementary school students should be taught how to compose classical music in order to strengthen their cognitive abilities. Rosenblatt predicted that Mayor of the District of Columbia Marion Barry would severely cut public schools' budgets, leading to poor performance by students, which he would then blame on teachers and principals. Rosenblatt came in third place with 3,025 votes, or ten percent of the total vote. References Defunct political parties in the United States Political parties in the District of Columbia United States regional and state political parties LaRouche movement Political parties established in 1974 1974 establishments in Washington, D.C. Political parties disestablished in 1979 1979 disestablishments in Washington, D.C. "